Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Mar. 31, 2019	Apr. 30, 2019
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2019
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Trading Symbol	SPPI
Entity Registrant Name	SPECTRUM PHARMACEUTICALS INC
Entity Central Index Key	0000831547
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		111,963,467

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 272,652	$ 157,480
Restricted cash	4,000	0
Marketable securities	33,229	46,508
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $67 and $67, respectively	14,936	29,873
Other receivables	7,466	3,698
Prepaid expenses and other assets	7,955	7,574
Discontinued operations, current assets (Note 11)	0	5,555
Total current assets	340,238	250,688
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation	466	385
Other assets	8,180	7,188
Facility and equipment under lease	3,774
Discontinued operations, non-current assets (Note 11)	0	132,625
Total assets	352,658	390,886
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	60,302	69,460
Accrued payroll and benefits	5,168	9,853
Contract liabilities	4,850	4,850
Discontinued operations, current liabilities (Note 11)	0	2,311
Total current liabilities	70,320	86,474
Deferred tax liabilities	0	1,469
Other long-term liabilities	9,789	5,650
Total liabilities	80,109	107,624
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Discontinued operations, non-current liabilities (Note 11)	0	14,031
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized; 111,212,572 and 110,525,141 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	111	110
Additional paid-in capital	895,571	886,740
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(4,092)	(3,702)
Accumulated deficit	(619,041)	(599,886)
Total stockholders’ equity	272,549	283,262
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 352,658	$ 390,886

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable	$ 67	$ 67
Preferred stock, par value ($ per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (shares)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value ($ per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (shares)	300,000,000	300,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (shares)	111,212,572	110,525,141
Common stock, shares outstanding (shares)	111,212,572	110,525,141

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenues (Note 1(b))	$ 0	$ 0
Operating costs and expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	15,952	16,616
Research and development	21,886	13,365
Total operating costs and expenses	37,838	29,981
Loss from continuing operations	(37,838)	(29,981)
Other (expense) income:
Interest income (expense), net	1,061	(230)
Other (expense) income, net	(11,285)	9,972
Total other (expense) income	(10,224)	9,742
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes	(48,062)	(20,239)
Benefit for income taxes from continuing operations	8,242	1,067
Loss from continuing operations	(39,820)	(19,172)
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes (Note 11)	20,665	3,356
Net loss	$ (19,155)	$ (15,816)
Basic and diluted loss per share:
Loss per common share from continuing operations ($ per share)	$ (0.36)	$ (0.19)
Income per common share from discontinued operations ($ per share)	0.19	0.03
Net loss per common share ($ per share)	$ (0.17)	$ (0.16)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and Diluted (shares)	109,552,602	100,809,853

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (19,155)	$ (15,816)
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(390)	393
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(390)	393
Total comprehensive loss	$ (19,545)	$ (15,423)

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References + Details

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-In Capital [Member]	AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]	Accumulated Deficit [Member]
Beginning Balance, (shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		100,742,735
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 351,339	$ 100	$ 837,347	$ 15,999	$ (502,107)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net loss	(15,816)				(15,816)
Other comprehensive income, net	393			393
Employee stock-based compensation expense	4,144		4,144
Issuance of common stock to 401(k) plan for employee match (shares)		16,834
Issuance of common stock to 401(k) plan for employee match	334		334
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options, (shares)		5,793,413
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	41,423	$ 6	41,417
RSA grants, net of forfeitures (shares)		614,035
RSA grants, net of forfeitures	0		0
Retirement of RSAs and shares as part of stock option cashless exercises to satisfy employee tax withholdings (shares)		(3,463,873)
Retirement of RSAs and shares as part of stock option cashless exercises to satisfy employee tax withholdings	(62,544)	$ (3)	(62,541)
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs (shares)		200,652
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs	0		0
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrants (shares)		31,602
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrants	0
Ending Balance, (shares) at Mar. 31, 2018		103,935,398
Ending Balance at Mar. 31, 2018	324,294	$ 103	820,701	(819)	(495,691)
Beginning Balance, (shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		110,525,141
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	283,262	$ 110	886,740	(3,702)	(599,886)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net loss	(19,155)				(19,155)
Other comprehensive income, net	(390)			(390)
Employee stock-based compensation expense	7,481		7,481
Issuance of common stock to 401(k) plan for employee match (shares)		47,347
Issuance of common stock to 401(k) plan for employee match	519		519
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options, (shares)		146,785
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	831		831
RSA grants, net of forfeitures (shares)		259,539
RSA grants, net of forfeitures	1	$ 1	0
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs (shares)		233,760
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs	0		0
Ending Balance, (shares) at Mar. 31, 2019		111,212,572
Ending Balance at Mar. 31, 2019	$ 272,549	$ 111	$ 895,571	$ (4,092)	$ (619,041)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Loss from continuing operations	$ (39,820)	$ (19,172)
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes (Note 11)	20,665	3,356
Net loss	(19,155)	(15,816)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,331	6,995
Stock-based compensation	8,000	4,478
Non-cash lease expense (Note 9(a))	509
Accretion of debt discount on 2018 Convertible Notes, recorded to interest expense	0	533
Amortization of deferred financing costs on 2018 Convertible Notes, recorded to interest expense	0	61
Unrealized gains from transactions denominated in foreign currency	(1)	(8)
Deferred tax liabilities	(1,469)	9
Gain on Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction (Note 11)	(33,644)	0
Unrealized loss (gain) on marketable securities (Note 3(a))	12,183	(10,196)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration (Note 9(b))	1,478	291
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net	14,914	(583)
Other receivables	(3,776)	(762)
Inventories	(2,037)	657
Prepaid expenses and other assets	512	2,134
Other assets	(980)	(1,693)
Accounts payable and other accrued obligations	(14,255)	(7,207)
Accrued payroll and benefits	(4,685)	(5,860)
FOLOTYN development liability	(4)	(103)
Other long-term liabilities	1,024	325
Net cash used in operating activities	(40,055)	(26,745)
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Proceeds from Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction (Note 1(b))	158,765	0
Proceeds from redemption of corporate-owned life insurance policy	0	4,130
Redemption of mutual funds	0	(1)
Purchases of property and equipment	(314)	(52)
Net cash provided by investing activities	158,451	4,077
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Proceeds from employees for exercises of stock options	831	1,920
Proceeds from employees, for our remittance to tax authorities, upon vesting of restricted stock and exercises of stock options	0	4,645
Payments to tax authorities upon employees' surrender of restricted stock at vesting and exercises of stock options	0	(27,686)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	831	(21,121)
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(55)	(21)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	119,172	(43,810)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—beginning of period	157,480	227,323
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—end of period	276,652	183,513
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for facility and equipment under lease	471
Cash paid for income taxes	$ 33	$ 0

Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, and Operating Segment

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, and Operating Segment

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS, BASIS OF PRESENTATION, AND OPERATING SEGMENT

(a) Description of Business

Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Spectrum”, the “Company”, “we”, “our”, or “us”) is a biopharma company, with a primary strategy comprised of acquiring, developing, and commercializing a broad and diverse pipeline of clinical and commercial products. We have an in-house clinical development organization with regulatory and data management capabilities, in addition to commercial and marketing capabilities upon product launch.

We have two drugs in late-stage and active development:


•	Poziotinib, a novel pan-HER inhibitor used in the investigation for non-small cell lung cancer (“NSCLC”) tumors with either EGFR or HER2 exon 20 insertion mutations; and


•	ROLONTIS, a novel long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating (“G-CSF”) analog for chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.

Our business strategy is to further the development of our late stage assets through commercialization and acquire new assets through partnerships or acquisitions.

(b) Basis of Presentation

Interim Financial Statements

The interim financial data for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, is unaudited, and is not necessarily indicative of our operating results for a full year. In the opinion of our management, the interim data includes normal and recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of our financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with United States (“U.S.”) generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules and regulations relating to interim financial statements. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (filed with the SEC on February 28, 2019).

Discontinued Operations - Sale of our Product Portfolio

On March 1, 2019, we completed the sale of our seven then-commercialized drugs, including FUSILEV, KHAPZORY, FOLOTYN, ZEVALIN, MARQIBO, BELEODAQ, and EVOMELA (the “Commercial Product Portfolio”) to Acrotech Biopharma LLC (“Acrotech”) (the “Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction”). Upon closing we received $158.8 million in an upfront cash payment (of which $4 million is held in escrow). We are also entitled to receive up to an aggregate of $140 million upon Acrotech's achievement of certain regulatory (totaling $40 million) and sales-based milestones (totaling $100 million) relating to the Commercial Product Portfolio.

These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are recast for all periods presented to reflect the sale of the assets and liabilities associated with our Commercial Product Portfolio, as well as the corresponding revenue-deriving activities and allocable expenses of this commercial business within “discontinued operations” - see Note 11. We have presented our face financial statements in general conformity with our historical format, even where presented values are $-0- within continuing operations due to required discontinued operations classification for all periods presented. We believe this format provides increased clarity and comparability with our previously filed financial statements, as well as our expectation that these financial statement captions and included footnote disclosures will remain relevant to our future business activities.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and with the rules and regulations of the SEC. These financial statements include the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of Spectrum and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned (except for Spectrum Pharma Canada (“SPC”), as discussed below. All inter-company accounts and transactions among these legal entities have been eliminated in consolidation.

Variable Interest Entity

We own fifty-percent of SPC, a legal entity organized in Quebec, Canada in January 2008. Some of our clinical studies are conducted through this “variable interest entity” (as defined under applicable GAAP). We fund all of SPC’s operating costs, and since we assume all risks and rewards for this entity, we meet the criteria as being its “primary beneficiary” (as defined under applicable GAAP). Accordingly, SPC’s balance sheets and statements of operations are included in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as if it were a wholly-owned subsidiary for all periods presented.

We operate one reportable operating segment that is focused exclusively on developing (and eventually marketing) oncology and hematology drug products. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, all of our revenue and related expenses were solely attributable to these activities (and as applicable, currently and retrospectively classified as “discontinued” within the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations - see Note 11). All of our assets are held in the U.S, except for cash held in certain foreign bank accounts.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires our management to make informed estimates and assumptions that affect our reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses. These amounts may materially differ from the amounts ultimately realized and reported due to the inherent uncertainty of any estimate or assumption. On an on-going basis, our management evaluates its most critical estimates and assumptions, including those related to: (i) gross-to-net revenue adjustments; (ii) the timing of revenue recognition; (iii) the collectability of customer accounts; (iv) whether the cost of our inventories can be recovered; (v) the realization of our tax assets and estimates of our tax liabilities; (vi) the fair value of our investments; (vii) the valuation of our stock options and the periodic expense recognition of stock-based compensation; and (viii) the potential outcome of our ongoing or threatened litigation.

Our accounting policies and estimates that most significantly impact the presented amounts within these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are further described below:

(i) Revenue Recognition

Impact of the Adoption of the New Revenue Recognition Standard: ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), became effective for us on January 1, 2018. Our disclosure within the below sections to this footnote reflects our updated accounting policies that are affected by this new standard. We applied the “modified retrospective” transition method for open contracts for the implementation of Topic 606; this resulted in the recognition of an aggregate $4.7 million, net of tax, decrease to our January 1, 2018 “accumulated deficit” on our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for the cumulative impact of applying this new standard. We made no adjustments to our previously-reported total revenues, as those periods continue to be presented in accordance with our historical accounting practices under Topic 605, Revenue Recognition (“Topic 605”).

Required Elements of Our Revenue Recognition: Revenue from our (a) product sales, (b) out-license arrangements, and (c) service arrangements is recognized under Topic 606 in a manner that reasonably reflects the delivery of our goods and/or services to customers in return for expected consideration and includes the following elements:


(1)	we ensure that we have an executed contract(s) with our customer that we believe is legally enforceable;


(2)	we identify the “performance obligations” in the respective contract;


(3)	we determine the “transaction price” for each performance obligation in the respective contract;


(4)	we allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation; and


(5)	we recognize revenue only when we satisfy each performance obligation.

These five elements, as applied to each of our revenue categories, are summarized below:

(a) Product Sales: We sell our products to pharmaceutical wholesalers/distributors (i.e., our customers), except for our U.S. sales of ZEVALIN, and limited sales of EVOMELA, in which case the end-user (i.e., clinic or hospital) is our customer. Our wholesalers/distributors in turn sell our products directly to clinics, hospitals, and private oncology-based practices. Revenue from our product sales is recognized as physical delivery of product occurs (when our customer obtains control of the product), in return for agreed-upon consideration.

Our gross product sales (i.e., delivered units multiplied by the contractual price per unit) are reduced by our corresponding gross-to-net (“GTN”) estimates using the “expected value” method, resulting in our reported “product sales, net” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, reflecting the amount we ultimately expect to realize in net cash proceeds, taking into account our current period gross sales and related cash receipts, and the subsequent cash disbursements on these sales that we estimate for the various GTN categories discussed below. These estimates are based upon information received from external sources (such as written or oral information obtained from our customers with respect to their period-end inventory levels and sales to end-users during the period), in combination with management’s informed judgments. Due to the inherent uncertainty of these estimates, the actual amount incurred (of some, or all) of product returns, government chargebacks, prompt pay discounts, commercial rebates, Medicaid rebates, and distribution, data, and GPO administrative fees may be materially above or below the amount estimated, then requiring prospective adjustments to our reported net product sales.

These GTN estimate categories are each discussed below:

Product Returns Allowances: Our FUSILEV, MARQIBO, and BELEODAQ customers are contractually permitted to return purchased products beginning at its expiration date and within six months thereafter. Our EVOMELA customers are permitted to return purchased product beginning at six months prior to its respective expiration date, and within 12 months thereafter (as well as for overstock inventory, as determined by end-users). ZEVALIN and FOLOTYN returns for expiry are not contractually permitted. Returns outside of this aforementioned criteria are not customarily allowed. We estimate expected product returns for our allowance based on our historical return rates. Returned product is typically destroyed, since substantially all returns are due to expiry and cannot be resold.

Government Chargebacks: Our products are subject to pricing limits under certain federal government programs (e.g., Medicare and 340B Drug Pricing Program). Qualifying entities (i.e., end-users) purchase products from our customers at their qualifying discounted price. The chargeback amount we incur represents the difference between our contractual sales price to our customer, and the end-user’s applicable discounted purchase price under the government program. There may be significant lag time between our reported net product sales and our receipt of the corresponding government chargeback claims from our customers.

Prompt Pay Discounts: Discounts for prompt payment are estimated at the time of sale, based on our eligible customers’ prompt payment history and the contractual discount percentage.

Commercial Rebates: Commercial rebates are based on (i) our estimates of end-user purchases through a group purchasing organization (“GPO”), (ii) the corresponding contractual rebate percentage tier we expect each GPO to achieve, and (iii) our estimates of the impact of any prospective rebate program changes made by us.

Medicaid Rebates: Our products are subject to state government-managed Medicaid programs, whereby rebates are issued to participating state governments. These rebates arise when a patient treated with our product is covered under Medicaid, resulting in a discounted price for our product under the applicable Medicaid program. Our Medicaid rebate accrual calculations require us to project the magnitude of our sales, by state, that will be subject to these rebates. There is a significant time lag in us receiving rebate notices from each state (generally several months or longer after our sale is recognized). Our estimates are based on our historical claim levels by state, as supplemented by management’s judgment.

Distribution, Data, and GPO Administrative Fees: Distribution, data, and GPO administrative fees are paid to authorized wholesalers/distributors of our products (except for U.S. sales of ZEVALIN) for various commercial services including: contract administration, inventory management, delivery of end-user sales data, and product returns processing. These fees are based on a contractually-determined percentage of our applicable sales.

(b) License Fees: Our out-license arrangements allow licensees to market our product(s) in certain territories for a specific term (representing the out-license of “functional intellectual property”). These arrangements may include one or more of the following forms of consideration: (i) upfront license fees, (ii) sales royalties, (iii) sales milestone-achievement fees, and (iv) regulatory milestone-achievement fees. We recognize revenue for each based on the contractual terms that establish our right to collect payment once the performance obligation is achieved, as follows:

(1) Upfront License Fees: We determine whether upfront license fees are earned at the time of contract execution (i.e., when rights transfer to the customer) or over the actual (or implied) contractual period of the out-license. As part of this determination, we evaluate whether we have any other requirements to provide substantive services that are inseparable from the performance obligation of the license transfer. Our customers’ “distinct” rights to licensed “functional intellectual property” at the time of contract execution results in concurrent revenue recognition of all upfront license fees (assuming that there are no other performance obligations at contract execution that are inseparable from this license transfer).

(2) Royalties: Under the “sales-or-usage-based royalty exception” we recognize revenue in the same period that our

licensees complete product sales in their territory for which we are contractually entitled to a percentage-based royalty receipt.

(3) Sales Milestones: Under the “sales-or-usage-based royalty exception” we recognize revenue in full within the period that our licensees achieve annual or aggregate product sales levels in their territories for which we are contractually entitled to a specified lump-sum receipt.

(4) Regulatory Milestones: Under the terms of the respective out-license, regulatory achievements may either be our responsibility, or that of our licensee.

•

When our licensee is responsible for the achievement of the regulatory milestone, we recognize revenue in full (for the contractual amount due from our licensee) in the period that the approval occurs (i.e., when the “performance obligation” is satisfied by our customer) under the “most likely amount” method. This revenue recognition remains “constrained” (i.e., not recognized) until regulatory approval occurs, given its inherent uncertainty and the requirement of a significant revenue reversal not being probable if achievement does not occur. At each reporting period, we re-evaluate the probability of milestone achievement and the associated revenue constraint; any resulting adjustments would be recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, thus reflected in our financial statements in the period of adjustment.

•

When we are responsible for the achievement of a regulatory milestone, the “relative selling price method” is applied for purposes of allocating the transaction price to our performance obligations. In such case, we consider (i) the extent of our effort to achieve the milestone and/or the enhancement of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of milestone achievement and (ii) if the milestone payment is reasonable relative to all of the deliverables and payment terms (including other potential milestone consideration) within the arrangement. We have historically assessed the contractual value of these milestones upon their achievement to be identical to the allocation of value of our performance obligations and thus representing the “transaction price” for each milestone at contract inception. We recognize this revenue in the period that the regulatory approval occurs (i.e., when we complete the “performance obligation”) under the “most likely amount” method, and revenue recognition is otherwise “constrained” until regulatory approval occurs, given its inherent uncertainty and the requirement of a significant revenue reversal not being probable if achievement does not occur. At each reporting period, we re-evaluate the probability of milestone achievement and the associated revenue constraint; any resulting adjustments would be recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, thus reflected in our financial statements in the period of adjustment.

(c) Service Revenue: We receive fees under certain arrangements for (i) sales and marketing services, (ii) supply chain services, (iii) research and development services, and (iv) clinical trial management services.

Our rights to receive payment for these services may be established by (1) a fixed-fee schedule that covers the term of the arrangement, so long as we meet ongoing performance obligations, (2) our completion of product delivery in our capacity as a procurement agent, (3) the successful completion of a phase of drug development, (4) favorable results from a clinical trial, and/or (5) regulatory approval events.

We consider whether revenue associated with these service arrangements is reportable each period, based on our completed services or deliverables (i.e., satisfied “performance obligations”) during the reporting period, and the terms of the arrangement that contractually result in fixed payments due to us. The promised service(s) within these arrangements are distinct and explicitly stated within each contract, and our customer benefits from the separable service(s) delivery/completion. Further, the nature of the promise to our customer as stated within the respective contract is to deliver each named service individually (not a transfer of combined items to which the promised goods or services are inputs), and thus are separable for revenue recognition.

(ii) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of bank deposits and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less from the purchase date. Our restricted cash is currently held in an escrow account as part of our completed Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction (see Note 1(b)).

(iii) Marketable Securities

Our marketable securities consist of our holdings in equity securities, mutual funds, and bank certificates of deposit (“Bank CDs”). Our realized and unrealized (losses) gains on marketable securities are included in “other (expense) income, net” on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

(iv) Accounts Receivable

Our accounts receivable are derived from our product sales and license fees, and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is management’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in our existing accounts receivable. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after appropriate collection efforts are exhausted.

(v) Inventories

We value our inventory at the lower of (i) the actual cost of its purchase or manufacture, or (ii) its net realizable value. Inventory cost is determined on the first-in, first-out method. We regularly review our inventory quantities in process of manufacture and on hand. When appropriate, we record a provision for obsolete and excess inventory to derive its new cost basis, which takes into account our sales forecast by product and corresponding expiry dates of each product lot.

Manufacturing costs of drug products that are pending U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) approval are fully expensed through “research and development” on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

(vi) Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense for equity awards granted to our employees and members of our Board of Directors is recognized on a straight-line basis over each award’s vesting period. Recognized compensation expense is net of an estimated forfeiture rate, representing the percentage of awards that are expected to be forfeited prior to vesting, though is ultimately adjusted for actual forfeitures. We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options (as of the date of grant) that have service conditions for vesting. We use the Monte Carlo valuation model to value equity awards (as of the date of grant) that have combined market conditions and service conditions for vesting.

The recognition of stock-based compensation expense and the initial calculation of stock option fair value requires uncertain assumptions, including (a) the pre-vesting forfeiture rate of the award, (b) the expected term that the stock option will remain outstanding, (c) our stock price volatility over the expected term (and that of our designated peer group with respect to certain market-based awards), and (d) the prevailing risk-free interest rate for the period matching the expected term.

With regard to (a)-(d): We estimate forfeiture rates based on our employees’ overall forfeiture history, which we believe will be representative of future results. We estimate the expected term of stock options granted based on our employees’ historical exercise patterns, which we believe will be representative of their future behavior. We estimate the volatility of our common stock on the date of grant based on the historical volatility of our common stock for a look-back period that corresponds with the expected term. We estimate the risk-free interest rate based upon the U.S. Department of the Treasury yields in effect at award grant, for a period equaling the expected term of the stock option.

(vii) Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share

We calculate basic and diluted net loss per share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. In periods of a net loss, basic and diluted loss per share are the same. For the diluted earnings per share calculation, we adjust the weighted average number of common shares outstanding to include only dilutive stock options, warrants, and other common stock equivalents outstanding during the period.

(viii) Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and amounts reported in the financial statements, as well as operating losses and tax credit carry forwards using enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon future earnings, the timing and amount of which are uncertain.

We have recorded a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets, because we believe that, based upon a weighting of positive and negative factors, it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will not be realized. If/when we were to determine that our deferred tax assets are realizable, an adjustment to the corresponding valuation allowance would increase our net income in the period that such determination was made.

In the event that we are assessed interest and/or penalties from taxing authorities that have not been previously accrued, such amounts would be included in “benefit for income taxes from continuing operations” within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the period in which we received the notice.

(ix) Research and Development Costs

Our research and development costs are expensed as incurred (see Note 9(c)), or as certain milestone payments become contractually due to our licensors, as triggered by the achievement of clinical or regulatory events.

(x) Fair Value Measurements

We determine measurement-date fair value based on the proceeds that would be received through the sale of the asset, or that we would pay to settle or transfer the liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. We utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include the following:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are publicly accessible at the measurement date.

Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but that are corroborated by market data. These inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities or quoted market prices in markets that are not active to the general public.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available.

Balance Sheet Account Detail

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Balance Sheet Account Detail

BALANCE SHEET ACCOUNT DETAIL

The composition of selected financial statement captions that comprise the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized below:

(a) Cash and Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities

As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, our “cash and cash equivalents” were held with major financial institutions. Our “marketable securities” primarily relate to our equity holdings in CASI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“CASI”).

We maintain cash balances in excess of federally insured limits with reputable financial institutions. To a limited degree, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and other third parties insure these investments. However, these investments are not insured against the possibility of a complete loss of earnings or principal and are inherently subject to the credit risk related to the continued credit worthiness of the underlying issuer and general credit market risks. We manage such risks in our portfolio by investing in highly liquid, highly-rated instruments, and limit investing in long-term maturity instruments.

Our investment policy requires that purchased investments in marketable securities may only be in highly-rated instruments, which are primarily U.S. treasury bills or treasury-backed securities, and also limits our investments in securities of any single issuer (excluding any debt or equity securities received from our strategic partners in connection with an out-license arrangement, as discussed in Note 7).

The carrying amount of our equity securities, money market funds, and Bank CDs approximates their fair value (utilizing “Level 1” or “Level 2” inputs – see Note 2(x)) because of our ability to immediately convert these instruments into cash with minimal expected change in value.

The following is a summary of our presented “cash and cash equivalents” and “marketable securities”:




	Cost		Foreign Currency Translation			Gross Unrealized Gains		Estimated Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Marketable Securities
March 31, 2019
Equity securities* (see Note 7)	$	8,710	$	(3,265	)	$	27,697	$	33,142	$	—	$	33,142
Bank deposits	15,649		—			—		15,649		15,649		—
Money market funds	257,003		—			—		257,003		257,003		—
Bank CDs	87		—			—		87		—		87
Total cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities	$	281,449	$	(3,265	)	$	27,697	$	305,881	$	272,652	$	33,229
December 31, 2018
Equity securities* (see Note 7)	$	8,710	$	(2,168	)	$	39,880	$	46,422	$	—	$	46,422
Bank deposits	14,735		—			—		14,735		14,735		—
Money market funds	142,745		—			—		142,745		142,745		—
Bank CDs	86		—			—		86		—		86
Total cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities	$	166,276	$	(2,168	)	$	39,880	$	203,988	$	157,480	$	46,508

* Beginning January 1, 2018, under the requirements of ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Liabilities, the unrealized (loss) gain on our CASI equity securities are recognized as an (decrease) increase to “other (expense) income, net” on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (rather than through “other comprehensive loss” on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss). Our adoption of ASU 2016-01 on January 1, 2018 resulted in a $17.2 million cumulative-effect adjustment, net of income tax, recorded as a decrease to “accumulated other comprehensive loss” and a decrease to “accumulated deficit” on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our recognized unrealized (loss) gain on these equity securities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $(12.2) million and $10.2 million, respectively, as reported in “other (expense) income, net” on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

As of March 31, 2019, none of the securities that we hold were in an unrealized loss position with respect to our cost basis.

(b) Property and Equipment, net of Accumulated Depreciation

“Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation” consists of the following:



	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Computer hardware and software	$	3,075		$	3,079
Laboratory equipment	669			635
Office furniture	227			212
Leasehold improvements	2,957			2,957
Property and equipment, at cost	6,928			6,883
(Less): Accumulated depreciation	(6,462		)	(6,498		)
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation	$	466		$	385

Depreciation expense (included within “total operating costs and expenses” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations) for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, was $0.1 million, and $49 thousand, respectively.

“Prepaid expenses and other assets” consists of the following:



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Deposits and other	$	6,760	$	6,792
Value of equity forward-sale contract (see Note 7)	793		—
Prepaid insurance	402		782
Prepaid expenses and other assets	$	7,955	$	7,574

(d) Other Receivables

“Other receivables” consists of the following:



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
FDA refund due	$	1,941	$	—
Other miscellaneous receivables (including Medicaid rebate credits and royalty receivables from licensees)	1,575		1,189
Income tax receivable - current portion	643		643
Insurance receivable	1,576		206
Secured promissory note (see Note 7)	1,527		1,525
Reimbursements due from development partners for incurred research and development expenses	204		135
Other receivables	$	7,466	$	3,698

(e) Other Assets

“Other assets” consists of the following:



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Key employee life insurance – cash surrender value associated with deferred compensation plan (Note 9(f))	$	7,270	$	6,274
Income tax receivable - non-current portion*	668		668
Research & development supplies and other	242		246
Other assets	$	8,180	$	7,188

* This value represents the non-current portion of the refundable alternative minimum tax credit that is expected to be received over the next few years (see Note 10).

(f) Facility and Equipment Under Lease

“Facility and equipment under lease” consists of the following:



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Office and research facilities	$	3,287	$	—
Office equipment	487		—
Facility and equipment under lease (Note 9(a))	$	3,774	$	—

(g) Accounts Payable and Other Accrued Liabilities

“Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities” consists of the following:



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Trade accounts payable and other	$	41,788	$	44,919
Lease liability - current portion (Note 9(a))	808		—
Accrued commercial/Medicaid rebates	6,370		8,371
Accrued product royalty due to licensors	1,910		4,337
Allowance for product returns	5,325		5,171
Accrued data and distribution fees	2,398		3,248
Accrued GPO administrative fees	150		296
Accrued inventory management fees	368		388
Allowance for government chargebacks	1,185		2,730
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	$	60,302	$	69,460

Amounts presented within “accounts payable and other accrued liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for our categories of GTN estimates (see Note 2(i)) were as follows:



	Commercial/Medicaid Rebates and Government Chargebacks			Distribution, Data, Inventory and GPO Administrative Fees			Product Return Allowances
Balance as of December 31, 2017	$	10,358		$	5,727		$	4,045
Add: GTN accruals recorded for product sales	65,751			13,962			1,700
(Less): Payments made and credits against GTN accruals	(65,008		)	(15,757		)	(574		)
Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	11,101		$	3,932		$	5,171
Add: GTN accruals recorded for product sales	5,452			12			167
(Less): Payments made and credits against GTN accruals	(8,998		)	(1,028		)	(13		)
Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	7,555		$	2,916		$	5,325

(h) Contract Liabilities

“Contract liabilities” consists of the following:



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Customer deposit for EVOMELA supply in China territory (see Note 7)	$	4,850	$	4,850
Contract liabilities	$	4,850	$	4,850

(i) Other Long-Term Liabilities

“Other long-term liabilities” consists of the following:



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Deferred compensation liability (Note 9(f))	$	6,499	$	5,474
Lease liability - non-current portion (Note 9(a))	3,114		—
Other tax liabilities	176		176
Other long-term liabilities	$	9,789	$	5,650

Stock-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

We report our stock-based compensation expense (inclusive of our incentive stock plan, employee stock purchase plan, and 401(k) contribution matching program) in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, based on the assigned department of the recipient. Stock-based compensation expense, included within “total operating costs and expenses” for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, was as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Selling, general and administrative	$	3,626	$	2,253
Research and development	969		632
Total stock-based compensation	$	4,595	$	2,885

Net Loss Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss Per Share

NET LOSS PER SHARE

Net loss per share was computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic and diluted	109,552,602			100,809,853
Net loss	$	(19,155	)	$	(15,816	)
Net loss per share – basic and diluted	$	(0.17	)	$	(0.16	)

The below outstanding securities were excluded from the above calculation of net loss because their impact under the “treasury stock method” and “if-converted method” would have been anti-dilutive due to our net loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019	2018
Common stock options	1,816,531	5,589,852
Restricted stock awards	1,374,954	1,875,569
Restricted stock units	343,334	210,214
Employee stock purchase plan shares	38,848	24,064
2018 Convertible Notes	—	3,854,959
Common stock warrants	—	261,622
Total	3,573,667	11,816,280

Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The table below summarizes certain asset and liability fair values that are included within our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and their designations among the three fair value measurement categories (see Note 2(x)):



	March 31, 2019 Fair Value Measurements
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Bank CDs	$	—	$	87	$	—	$	87
Money market funds	257,003		—		—		257,003
Equity securities (Note 7)	33,142		—		—		33,142
Equity forward-sale contract (Note 7)	793		—		—		793
Mutual funds	—		65		—		65
Deferred compensation investments (life insurance cash surrender value (Note 3(e))	—		7,270		—		7,270		*
Restricted cash	4,000		—		—		4,000
	$	294,938	$	7,422	$	—	$	302,360
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation liability (Note 9(f))	$	—	$	7,223	$	—	$	7,223	*
	$	—	$	7,223	$	—	$	7,223



	December 31, 2018 Fair Value Measurements
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Bank CDs	$	—	$	86	$	—	$	86
Money market funds	—		142,745		—		142,745
Equity securities (Note 7)	46,422		—		—		46,422
Mutual funds	—		78		—		78
Deferred compensation investments (life insurance cash surrender value (Note 3(e))	—		6,274		—		6,274		*
	$	46,422	$	149,183	$	—	$	195,605
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation liability (Note 9(f))	$	—	$	6,167	$	—	$	6,167	*
	$	—	$	6,167	$	—	$	6,167

* The reported amount of “deferred compensation investments” is based on the cash surrender value of employee life insurance policies at each period-end, while the reported amount of “deferred executive compensation liability” is based on the period-end market value of investments selected by employee participants of the deferred compensation plan.

We did not have any transfers between “Level 1” and “Level 2” (see Note 2(x)) measurement categories for any periods presented.

Our carrying amounts of financial instruments such as cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate their related fair values due to their short-term nature.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Casi Holdings and Evomela Supply Contract	3 Months Ended
Casi Holdings and Evomela Supply Contract	Mar. 31, 2019
Other Commitments [Abstract]
Casi Holdings and Evomela Supply Contract	CASI HOLDINGS AND EVOMELA SUPPLY CONTRACT Overview of CASI Transaction In 2014, we executed three perpetual out-license agreements for our former products ZEVALIN, MARQIBO, and EVOMELA (“CASI Out-Licensed Products”) with CASI, a publicly-traded biopharmaceutical company (NASDAQ: CASI) with a primary focus on the China market (collectively, the “CASI Out-License”). Under the CASI Out-License, we received CASI common stock and a secured promissory note and CASI gained the exclusive rights to distribute the CASI Out-Licensed Products in greater China (which includes Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau). On March 1, 2019, we completed the Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction and substantially all of the contractual rights and obligations associated with the Commercial Product Portfolio, including the CASI Out-License, were transferred to Acrotech at closing. However, we will continue to supply CASI with EVOMELA under an active contract that tentatively was not assumed by Acrotech as part of our Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction (see Note 3(h)). After we fulfill this open order, Acrotech will then assume future supply of this product to CASI and we will not have any further involvement with the arrangement. Our Ownership in CASI at March 31, 2019 Under certain conditions that expired in December 2017, we exercised our rights during 2016 and 2017 to purchase additional shares of CASI common stock at par value in order to maintain our post-investment ownership percentage. Our aggregate holding of 11.5 million CASI common shares as of March 31, 2019 represented an approximate 12.1% ownership with a fair market value of $33.1 million (see Note 3(a)). In April 2019, we completed the sale of 1.5 million of these shares under a forward-sales contract (see Note 3(c)).

Convertible Senior Notes and Interest Expense

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Convertible Senior Notes and Interest Expense

CONVERTIBLE SENIOR NOTES AND INTEREST EXPENSE

Overview of 2013 Convertible Notes

On December 17, 2013, we entered into an agreement for the sale of $120 million aggregate principal amount of 2.75% Convertible Senior Notes (the “2013 Convertible Notes”). During 2016 and 2017 we completed certain open market purchases to retire $79.5 million of principal. Maturity of the 2013 Convertible Notes occurred on December 15, 2018 and substantially all remaining notes were converted into our common stock at a rate of 95 shares per $1,000 principal units.

Components of Interest Expense on 2013 Convertible Notes

The following table sets forth the components of interest expense recognized in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the 2013 Convertible Notes:



	Three months ended March 31, 2018
Stated coupon interest expense	$	279
Amortization of debt issuance costs	61
Accretion of debt discount	533
Total	$	873
Effective interest rate	8.4		%

Financial Commitments & Contingencies and Key License Agreements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Financial Commitments & Contingencies and Key License Agreements

FINANCIAL COMMITMENTS & CONTINGENCIES AND KEY LICENSE AGREEMENTS

(a) Facility and Equipment Leases

Overview

In the ordinary course of our business, we enter into leases with unaffiliated parties for the use of (i) office and research facilities and (ii) office equipment. Our current leases have remaining terms ranging from less than one year to five years and none include any residual guarantees, restrictive covenants, or options to extend or early-terminate.

Our office and research facilities leases have minimum annual rents, payable monthly, and some carry fixed annual rent increases. Under some of these arrangements, real estate taxes, insurance, certain operating expenses, and common area maintenance are reimbursable to the lessor. These amounts are expensed as incurred, as they are typically variable and therefore excluded from the measurement of the right-of-use asset and lease liability.

Adoption of the New Lease Accounting Standard

On January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (“Topic 842”). Under this new lease standard, we are required to recognize a "right-of-use asset" and "lease liability" on our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for all leases (except for any lease with an original term of less than 12 months).

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Lease (Topic 842) Targeted Improvements, providing a package of practical expedients and an optional transition method, in which the new standard is not applied to prior periods. We elected the optional transition method upon adoption of this ASU on January 1, 2019 and the package of practical expedients available under the transition provisions. Therefore, we did not reassess the following upon adoption: (i) whether expired or existing contracts contain leases, (ii) lease classification, and (iii) initial direct costs for existing leases.

This asset and liability substantially represents our aggregate benefit of use and present-value obligation to make corresponding minimum lease payments for the duration of each lease term, respectively. Since the implicit rate is not readily determinable in any of our leases, we apply an estimated incremental borrowing rate as of the lease commencement date using the “effective interest method” to derive the present value of our aggregate lease liability. Accordingly, we recorded $4.2 million to our January 1, 2019 balance sheet for both our right-of-use asset within “facility and equipment under lease” and our lease liability within “accounts payable and accrued liabilities” and “other long-term liabilities.” The asset and liability associated with each lease is amortized over the respective lease term, based on the incremental borrowing rate for each.

We elected to not separate lease components from non-lease components in our measurement of minimum lease payments for (i) facility, and (ii) office equipment leases. We also elected the short-term lease practical expedient, in which we will not recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for leases with a term of 12 months or less. We recognize lease expense on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term, as reported within “selling, general and administrative” expense on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations, as have only operating leases. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, this expense aggregated $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

Financial Reporting Captions

The below table summarizes these lease asset and liability accounts presented on our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:



Operating Leases*	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet Caption	Balance at March 31, 2019
Operating lease right-of-use assets - non-current	Facility and equipment under lease	$	3,774

Operating lease liabilities - current	Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	$	808
Operating lease liabilities - non-current	Other long-term liabilities	3,114
Total operating lease liabilities		$	3,922

* As of March 31, 2019, we have no “finance leases” as defined in Topic 842.

Components of Lease Expense

We report our total operating lease expense, (inclusive of our variable lease payments and short-term lease cost) in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Total lease expense, included within “total operating costs and expenses” for the three months ended March 31, 2019, was as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Operating lease cost	$	459
Variable lease cost	108
Short-term lease cost	15
Total lease cost*	$	583

* As of March 31, 2019, we have no “sublease income” as defined in Topic 842.

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term and Discount Rate



	Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	Weighted Average Discount Rate
Operating leases as of March 31, 2019	3 years	7.8	%

Future Lease Payments

The below table summarizes our (i) minimum lease payments over the next five years, (ii) implied interest (from the application of our incremental borrowing rate), and (iii) present value of future lease payments:



Operating Leases - future payments	March 31, 2019
2019 (remaining)	$	1,015
2020	1,252
2021	1,303
2022	828
2023	87
Total future lease payments, undiscounted	$	4,485
Less: Implied interest	(563		)
Present value of operating lease payments	$	3,922

The below table summarizes our future minimum lease payments under our operating leases as of December 31, 2018:



Year ended December 31, 2018	Operating Lease Minimum Payments
2019	1,486
2020	1,441
2021	1,465
2022	828
2023 and thereafter	87
	$	5,308

As of March 31, 2019, we have an operating lease which has not yet commenced with total undiscounted lease obligations of $0.7 million. This agreement was entered into during the first quarter of 2019 to lease office space for our principle executive office in Henderson, Nevada. The lessor is currently having tenant improvements constructed and we do not have access to the building until construction is complete. The lease is expected to commence in the second quarter of 2019 when construction of the tenant improvements is completed.

(b) In/Out Licensing Agreements and Co-Development Arrangements

Overview

The in-license agreements for our development-stage drug products provide us with territory-specific rights to their manufacture and distribution (including further sub-licensing/out-licensing rights). We are generally responsible for all related clinical development costs, patent filings and maintenance costs, marketing costs, and liability insurance costs. We are also obligated to make specified milestone payments to our licensors upon the achievement of certain regulatory and sales milestones, and to pay royalties based on our net sales of all in-licensed products. We also may enter into out-license agreements for territory-specific rights to these drug products which include one or more of: upfront license fees, royalties from our licensees’ sales, and/or milestone payments from our licensees’ sales or regulatory achievements. For certain drug products, we may enter into cost-sharing arrangements with licensees and licensors.

Impact of Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction on Rights and Obligations associated with the Product Portfolio

On March 1, 2019, we completed the Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction and substantially all of the contractual rights and obligations associated with the Product Portfolio (as previously disclosed in Note 17(b) to our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K) were transferred to Acrotech at closing. These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are recast for all periods presented to reflect the sale of the assets and liabilities associated with our Product Portfolio, as well as the corresponding revenue-deriving activities and allocable expenses of this commercial business within “discontinued operations” - see Notes 1 and 11. Our most significant remaining agreements associated with our continuing operations are listed below, along with the key financial terms and our corresponding accounting and reporting conventions for each:

(i) ROLONTIS: Co-Development and Commercialization Agreement with Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd

In October 2014, we exercised our option under a License Option and Research Collaboration Agreement dated January 2012 (as amended) with Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., or Hanmi, for ROLONTIS (formerly referred to as “LAPS-G-CSF” or “SPI-2012”), a drug based on Hanmi’s proprietary LAPSCOVERY™ technology for the treatment of chemotherapy induced neutropenia. Under the terms of this agreement, as amended, we have primary financial responsibility for the ROLONTIS development plan and hold its worldwide rights (except for Korea, China, and Japan). We are contractually obligated to pay Hanmi tiered royalties that range from the low double-digits to mid-teen on our net sales of ROLONTIS.

In January 2016, the first patient was dosed with ROLONTIS as part of our clinical trial. This triggered our contractual milestone payment to Hanmi, and in April 2016, we issued 318,750 shares of our common stock to Hanmi. We are responsible for further contractual payments upon our achievement of regulatory and sales milestones of $13 million and $225 million maximum, respectively. We will record “cost of product sales” and “other accrued liabilities” in the earliest period that we determine the respective milestone achievement is probable or occurs.

(ii) Poziotinib: In-License Agreement with Hanmi and Exclusive Patent and Technology License Agreement with MD Anderson

In February 2015, we executed an in-license agreement with Hanmi for poziotinib, a pan-HER inhibitor in Phase 2 clinical trials, (which has also shown single agent activity in the treatment of various cancer types during Phase 1 studies, including breast, gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers), and made an upfront payment for these rights. We are contractually obligated to pay Hanmi royalties in the low to mid-teen digits on our net sales of poziotinib.

Under the terms of this agreement, we received the exclusive rights to commercialize poziotinib, excluding Korea and China. Hanmi and its development partners are fully responsible for the completion of on-going Phase 2 trials in Korea. We are financially responsible for all other clinical studies. We are contractually obligated to make payments to Hanmi upon our achievement of certain regulatory and sales milestones, aggregating $33 million and $325 million, respectively. We will record “cost of product sales” and “other accrued liabilities” in the earliest period that we determine the respective milestone achievement is probable or occurs. We will pay Hanmi royalties in the low to mid-teen digits on our net sales of poziotinib, potentially reduced by royalties due to other third parties.

In April 2018, we executed an exclusive patent and technology agreement for the use of poziotinib in treating patients with EGFR and HER2 exon 20 mutations in cancer and HER2 exon 19 mutations in cancer with The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (“MD Anderson”) that had discovered its use in treating these patient-types (“Exon 19/20 Patients”).

We are contractually obligated to make fixed payments to MD Anderson upon our achievement of certain regulatory and sales milestones, aggregating $11 million and $23 million, respectively. We will record “cost of product sales” and “other accrued liabilities” in the earliest period that we determine the respective milestone achievement is probable or occurs.

We have entered into various contracts with numerous third party service providers for the execution of our research and development initiatives (to which we assign discreet project codes in order to compile and monitor such expenses). These vendors include raw material suppliers and contract manufacturers for drug products not yet FDA approved, clinical trial sites, clinical research organizations, and data monitoring centers, among others. The financial terms of these agreements are varied and generally obligate us to pay in stages, depending on the achievement of certain events specified in the agreements - such as contract execution, progress of service completion, delivery of drug supply, and the dosing of patients in clinical studies.

We recognize these “research and development” expenses and corresponding “accounts payable and other accrued liabilities” in the accompanying financial statements based on estimates of our vendors’ progress of performed services, patient enrollments and dosing, completion of clinical studies, and other events. Should we decide to discontinue and/or slow-down the work on any project, the associated costs for those projects would typically be limited to the extent of the work completed, as we are generally able to terminate these contracts with adequate notice.

(d) Supply and Service Agreements for our Commercial Products

We have entered into various supply and service agreements, and/or have issued purchase orders, which obligate us to complete agreed-upon raw material purchases from certain vendors for the production of our in-development drug products through designated contract manufacturers. These commitments do not exceed our planned commercial requirements, and the contracted prices do not exceed current fair market values.

(e) Employment Agreements

We entered into revised employment agreements with each of our named executive officers (chief executive officer, chief operating officer, chief financial officer, and chief legal officer) in April and June 2018, which supersede any prior Change in Control Severance Agreements with such individuals. These agreements provide for the payment of certain benefits to each executive upon his separation of employment under specified circumstances. These arrangements are designed to encourage each to act in the best interests of our stockholders at all times during the course of a change in control event or other significant transaction.

(f) Deferred Compensation Plan

The Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (the “DC Plan”) is administered by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors and is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

The DC Plan is maintained to provide special benefits for a select group of our employees (the “DC Participants”). DC Participants make annual elections to defer a portion of their eligible cash compensation which is then placed into their DC Plan accounts. We match a fixed percentage of these deferrals, and may make additional discretionary contributions. At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the aggregate value of this DC Plan liability was $7.2 million and $6.2 million, respectively, and is included within “accounts payable and other accrued liabilities” and “other long-term liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(g) Litigation

We are involved from time-to-time with various legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business. These claims and legal proceedings are of a nature we believe are normal and incidental to a pharmaceutical business, and may include product liability, intellectual property, employment matters, and other general claims. We may also be subject to derivative lawsuits from time to time.

We make provisions for liabilities when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Such provisions are assessed at least quarterly and adjusted to reflect the impact of any settlement negotiations, judicial and administrative rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular case. Litigation is inherently unpredictable. Although the ultimate resolution of these various matters cannot be determined at this time, we do not believe that such matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.

Stockholder Litigation

Olutayo Ayeni v. Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc., et al. (Filed September 21, 2016 in the United States District Court, Central District of California; Case No. 2:16-cv-07074) (the “Ayeni Action”) and Glen Hartsock v. Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc., et al. (Filed September 28, 2016 in the United States District Court, District Court of Nevada Case; No. 2:16-cv-02279-RFB-GWF) (the “Hartsock Action”). On November 15, 2016, the Ayeni Action was transferred to the United States District Court for the District of Nevada. The parties have stipulated to a consolidation of the Ayeni Action with the Hartsock Action. These class action lawsuits allege that we and certain of our executive officers made false or misleading statements and failed to disclose material facts about our business and the prospects of approval for our New Drug Application to the FDA for QAPZOLA in violation of Section 10(b) (and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The plaintiffs seek damages, interest, costs, attorneys’ fees, and other unspecified equitable relief. We believe that these claims are without merit, and intend to vigorously defend against these claims. Furthermore, as of March 31, 2019, the value of a potential settlement cannot be reasonably estimated given its highly uncertain nature.

Income Taxes	3 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Mar. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	INCOME TAXES We apply an estimated annual effective tax rate (“ETR”) approach for calculating a tax provision for interim periods, as required under GAAP. We recorded a benefit for income taxes from continuing operations of $8.2 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Our ETR differs from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily as a result of nondeductible expenses and the impact of the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets. Our provision for income taxes is computed using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined using the enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which those tax assets are expected to be realized. A valuation allowance is established when it is more likely than not the future realization of all or some of the deferred tax assets will not be achieved. The evaluation of the need for a valuation allowance is performed on a jurisdiction by jurisdiction basis, and includes a review of all available positive and negative evidence. We recognize the impact of a tax position in our financial statements only if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. Any interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions will be reflected in income tax expense. The intraperiod tax allocation guidance require that we allocate income taxes between continuing operations and other categories of earnings. When we have a year-to-date pre-tax loss from continuing operations and year-to-date pre-tax income in discontinued operations, applicable GAAP (ASC 740-20-45-7) requires that we allocate the income tax provision to other categories of earnings (including discontinued operations), and then record a related tax benefit in continuing operations. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we recognized net income from discontinued operations while sustaining losses from continuing operations. Because of the required allocation, we recorded an income tax benefit of $8.2 and $1.1 million within “benefit for income taxes from continuing operations” and income tax expense of $6.8 million and $1.1 million within “income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes” on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Our net tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2019, prior to the application of intraperiod tax allocation guidance was $1.5 million. This tax benefit arose from the reversal of deferred tax liabilities recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018 that were associated with indefinite-lived intangible assets that were sold as part of our Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction. The tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2018, prior to the application of intraperiod tax allocation guidance was zero.

Discontinued Operations

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Discontinued Operations

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

Overview

On March 1, 2019, we completed the Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction -- see Note 1(b) (as we first announced on January 17, 2019 on Form 8-K, upon the signing of a definitive asset purchase agreement).

In accordance with applicable GAAP (ASC 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statements), the revenue-deriving activities and allocable expenses of our sold commercial operation, as well as the assets and liabilities connected to the Commercial Product Portfolio, are separately classified as “discontinued” for all periods presented within the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations

The following table presents the various elements of “income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes” as reported in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
Product sales, net	$	14,183		$	28,111
License fees and service revenue	290			2,384
Total revenues	$	14,473		$	30,495
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of sales (excluding amortization of intangible assets)	3,168			6,813
Selling, general and administrative	5,951			7,488
Research and development	2,536			4,530
Amortization of intangible assets	1,248			6,947
Restructuring - employee severance (Note 12)	6,297			—
Total operating costs and expenses	$	19,200		$	25,778
Loss from discontinued operations	$	(4,727	)	$	4,717
Other income (expense):
Change in fair value of contingent consideration	(1,478		)	(291		)
Gain on sale of Commercial Product Portfolio*	33,644			—
Total other income (expense)	$	32,166		$	(291	)
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes	27,439			4,426
Provision for income taxes from discontinued operations**	(6,774		)	(1,070		)
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	$	20,665		$	3,356

*This pre-tax gain on sale represents the $158.8 million proceeds from the Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction less our $121.2 book value of transferred net assets (inclusive of assumed liabilities) to Acrotech on the March 1, 2019 closing date, less legal and banker fees for the three months ended March 31, 2019 aggregating $3.9 million.

**This income tax provision represents an allocation of taxes as required under intraperiod allocation guidance (see Note 10). Due to our aggregate net operating loss-carryforwards, no federal or state income tax payments are expected to be made relating to our current year activity, inclusive of our gain on sale of the Commercial Product Portfolio.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

Accounts receivable derived from our product sales on and prior to February 28, 2019 was not transferred to Acrotech as part of Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction, nor were our GTN liabilities and trade accounts payable assumed by Acrotech that were associated with our commercial activities on and prior to February 28, 2019 (see Note 3(g)). Accordingly, these specific assets and liabilities remain presented within “accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts” and “accounts payable and other accrued liabilities” on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table presents a summary of our “discontinued operations, assets” and “discontinued operations, liabilities” as of December 31, 2018 within the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (representing those assets and liabilities transferred to Acrotech as part of the Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction):



	December 31, 2018
Inventories	$	3,550
Prepaid expenses and other assets	2,005
Discontinued operations, current assets	$	5,555

Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization	111,594
Goodwill	18,061
Other assets	2,970
Discontinued operations, non-current assets	$	132,625

FOLOTYN development liability	2,311
Discontinued operations, current liabilities	$	2,311